Amoxicillin – Pharmaceutical Product Information
For healthcare professionals and reference purposes only.
1. Product Identification
| Generic Name: | Amoxicillin (as Trihydrate) |
| Brand Names: | Various including Amoxil |
| Chemical Formula: | C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S |
| Molecular Weight: | 365.40 g/mol |
| CAS Number: | 26787-78-0 |
| ATC Code: | J01CA04 |
2. Pharmaceutical Form
Hard gelatin capsules containing amoxicillin trihydrate equivalent to amoxicillin 250mg or 500mg.
3. Chemical Structure
(2S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R)-2-Amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
4. Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis, leading to bacterial cell lysis.
5. Pharmacokinetic Properties
| Bioavailability: | 95% (oral administration) |
| Protein Binding: | Approximately 17-20% |
| Metabolism: | Partially hepatic; hydrolyzed to inactive penicilloic acid |
| Elimination Half-life: | 61.3 minutes (approximately 1 hour) |
| Excretion: | Renal; 60-80% excreted unchanged in urine |
| Time to Peak Concentration: | 1-2 hours post-dose |
6. Available Strengths
- Amoxicillin Capsules 250mg (containing amoxicillin trihydrate equivalent to 250mg amoxicillin)
- Amoxicillin Capsules 500mg (containing amoxicillin trihydrate equivalent to 500mg amoxicillin)
- Amoxicillin Oral Suspension 125mg/5ml
- Amoxicillin Oral Suspension 250mg/5ml
7. Storage Conditions
Store at or below 25°C. Protect from moisture and light. Keep container tightly closed.
8. References
1. British Pharmacopoeia 2025, Amoxicillin Monograph
2. United States Pharmacopeia-NF, Amoxicillin
3. WHO Model Formulary, Amoxicillin
4. Sweetman SC, ed. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
This information is provided for reference purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Healthcare professionals should consult official prescribing information.
Last updated: February 2026 | CSH Pharmacy, Pakistan